source: trunk/ft2232_spi.c

/*
 * This file is part of the flashrom project.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009 Paul Fox <pgf@laptop.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 Carl-Daniel Hailfinger
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
 */

#if CONFIG_FT2232_SPI == 1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "flash.h"
#include "programmer.h"
#include "spi.h"
#include <ftdi.h>

/* This is not defined in libftdi.h <0.20 (c7e4c09e68cfa6f5e112334aa1b3bb23401c8dc7 to be exact).
 * Some tests indicate that his is the only change that it is needed to support the FT232H in flashrom. */
#if !defined(HAVE_FT232H)
#define TYPE_232H       6
#endif

/* Please keep sorted by vendor ID, then device ID. */

#define FTDI_VID                0x0403
#define FTDI_FT2232H_PID        0x6010
#define FTDI_FT4232H_PID        0x6011
#define FTDI_FT232H_PID         0x6014
#define TIAO_TUMPA_PID          0x8a98
#define AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID     0xCFF8

#define GOEPEL_VID              0x096C
#define GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID      0x1449

#define FIC_VID                 0x1457
#define OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID   0x5118

#define OLIMEX_VID              0x15BA
#define OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID      0x0003
#define OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID     0x0004
#define OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID    0x002B
#define OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID   0x002A

const struct dev_entry devs_ft2232spi[] = {
        {FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT2232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT2232H"},
        {FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT4232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT4232H"},
        {FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT232H"},
        {FTDI_VID, TIAO_TUMPA_PID, OK, "TIAO", "USB Multi-Protocol Adapter"},
        {FTDI_VID, AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID, OK, "Amontec", "JTAGkey"},
        {GOEPEL_VID, GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID, OK, "GOEPEL", "PicoTAP"},
        {FIC_VID, OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID, OK, "FIC", "OpenMoko Neo1973 Debug board (V2+)"},
        {OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID, NT, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-OCD"},
        {OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID, OK, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-TINY"},
        {OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID, NT, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-OCD-H"},
        {OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID, NT, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-TINY-H"},

        {0},
};

#define DEFAULT_DIVISOR 2

#define BITMODE_BITBANG_NORMAL  1
#define BITMODE_BITBANG_SPI     2

/* Set data bits low-byte command:
 *  value: 0x08  CS=high, DI=low, DO=low, SK=low
 *    dir: 0x0b  CS=output, DI=input, DO=output, SK=output
 *
 * JTAGkey(2) needs to enable its output via Bit4 / GPIOL0
 *  value: 0x18  OE=high, CS=high, DI=low, DO=low, SK=low
 *    dir: 0x1b  OE=output, CS=output, DI=input, DO=output, SK=output
 */
static uint8_t cs_bits = 0x08;
static uint8_t pindir = 0x0b;
static struct ftdi_context ftdic_context;

static const char *get_ft2232_devicename(int ft2232_vid, int ft2232_type)
{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name != NULL; i++) {
                if ((devs_ft2232spi[i].device_id == ft2232_type) && (devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_id == ft2232_vid))
                                return devs_ft2232spi[i].device_name;
        }
        return "unknown device";
}

static const char *get_ft2232_vendorname(int ft2232_vid, int ft2232_type)
{
        int i;
        for (i = 0; devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name != NULL; i++) {
                if ((devs_ft2232spi[i].device_id == ft2232_type) && (devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_id == ft2232_vid))
                                return devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name;
        }
        return "unknown vendor";
}

static int send_buf(struct ftdi_context *ftdic, const unsigned char *buf,
                    int size)
{
        int r;
        r = ftdi_write_data(ftdic, (unsigned char *) buf, size);
        if (r < 0) {
                msg_perr("ftdi_write_data: %d, %s\n", r, ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
                return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int get_buf(struct ftdi_context *ftdic, const unsigned char *buf,
                   int size)
{
        int r;

        while (size > 0) {
                r = ftdi_read_data(ftdic, (unsigned char *) buf, size);
                if (r < 0) {
                        msg_perr("ftdi_read_data: %d, %s\n", r, ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
                        return 1;
                }
                buf += r;
                size -= r;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int ft2232_spi_send_command(struct flashctx *flash,
                                   unsigned int writecnt, unsigned int readcnt,
                                   const unsigned char *writearr,
                                   unsigned char *readarr);

static const struct spi_programmer spi_programmer_ft2232 = {
        .type           = SPI_CONTROLLER_FT2232,
        .max_data_read  = 64 * 1024,
        .max_data_write = 256,
        .command        = ft2232_spi_send_command,
        .multicommand   = default_spi_send_multicommand,
        .read           = default_spi_read,
        .write_256      = default_spi_write_256,
        .write_aai      = default_spi_write_aai,
};

/* Returns 0 upon success, a negative number upon errors. */
int ft2232_spi_init(void)
{
        int ret = 0;
        struct ftdi_context *ftdic = &ftdic_context;
        unsigned char buf[512];
        int ft2232_vid = FTDI_VID;
        int ft2232_type = FTDI_FT4232H_PID;
        int channel_count = 4; /* Stores the number of channels of the device. */
        enum ftdi_interface ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_A;
        /*
         * The 'H' chips can run with an internal clock of either 12 MHz or 60 MHz,
         * but the non-H chips can only run at 12 MHz. We enable the divide-by-5
         * prescaler on the former to run on the same speed.
         */
        uint8_t clock_5x = 1;
        /* In addition to the prescaler mentioned above there is also another
         * configurable one on all versions of the chips. Its divisor div can be
         * set by a 16 bit value x according to the following formula:
         * div = (1 + x) * 2 <-> x = div / 2 - 1
         * Hence the expressible divisors are all even numbers between 2 and
         * 2^17 (=131072) resulting in SCK frequencies of 6 MHz down to about
         * 92 Hz for 12 MHz inputs.
         */
        uint32_t divisor = DEFAULT_DIVISOR;
        int f;
        char *arg;
        double mpsse_clk;

        arg = extract_programmer_param("type");
        if (arg) {
                if (!strcasecmp(arg, "2232H")) {
                        ft2232_type = FTDI_FT2232H_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "4232H")) {
                        ft2232_type = FTDI_FT4232H_PID;
                        channel_count = 4;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "232H")) {
                        ft2232_type = FTDI_FT232H_PID;
                        channel_count = 1;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "jtagkey")) {
                        ft2232_type = AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                        cs_bits = 0x18;
                        pindir = 0x1b;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "picotap")) {
                        ft2232_vid = GOEPEL_VID;
                        ft2232_type = GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "tumpa")) {
                        /* Interface A is SPI1, B is SPI2. */
                        ft2232_type = TIAO_TUMPA_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "busblaster")) {
                        /* In its default configuration it is a jtagkey clone */
                        ft2232_type = FTDI_FT2232H_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                        cs_bits = 0x18;
                        pindir = 0x1b;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "openmoko")) {
                        ft2232_vid = FIC_VID;
                        ft2232_type = OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-ocd")) {
                        ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
                        ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                        cs_bits = 0x08;
                        pindir = 0x1b;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-tiny")) {
                        ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
                        ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-ocd-h")) {
                        ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
                        ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                        cs_bits = 0x08;
                        pindir = 0x1b;
                } else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-tiny-h")) {
                        ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
                        ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID;
                        channel_count = 2;
                } else {
                        msg_perr("Error: Invalid device type specified.\n");
                        free(arg);
                        return -1;
                }
        }
        free(arg);

        arg = extract_programmer_param("port");
        if (arg) {
                switch (toupper((unsigned char)*arg)) {
                case 'A':
                        ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_A;
                        break;
                case 'B':
                        ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_B;
                        if (channel_count < 2)
                                channel_count = -1;
                        break;
                case 'C':
                        ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_C;
                        if (channel_count < 3)
                                channel_count = -1;
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_D;
                        if (channel_count < 4)
                                channel_count = -1;
                        break;
                default:
                        channel_count = -1;
                        break;
                }
                if (channel_count < 0 || strlen(arg) != 1) {
                        msg_perr("Error: Invalid channel/port/interface specified: \"%s\".\n", arg);
                        free(arg);
                        return -2;
                }
        }
        free(arg);

        arg = extract_programmer_param("divisor");
        if (arg && strlen(arg)) {
                unsigned int temp = 0;
                char *endptr;
                temp = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 10);
                if (*endptr || temp < 2 || temp > 131072 || temp & 0x1) {
                        msg_perr("Error: Invalid SPI frequency divisor specified: \"%s\".\n"
                                 "Valid are even values between 2 and 131072.\n", arg);
                        free(arg);
                        return -2;
                } else {
                        divisor = (uint32_t)temp;
                }
        }
        free(arg);

        msg_pdbg("Using device type %s %s ",
                 get_ft2232_vendorname(ft2232_vid, ft2232_type),
                 get_ft2232_devicename(ft2232_vid, ft2232_type));
        msg_pdbg("channel %s.\n",
                 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_A) ? "A" :
                 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_B) ? "B" :
                 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_C) ? "C" : "D");

        if (ftdi_init(ftdic) < 0) {
                msg_perr("ftdi_init failed.\n");
                return -3;
        }

        if (ftdi_set_interface(ftdic, ft2232_interface) < 0) {
                msg_perr("Unable to select channel (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }

        arg = extract_programmer_param("serial");
        f = ftdi_usb_open_desc(ftdic, ft2232_vid, ft2232_type, NULL, arg);
        free(arg);

        if (f < 0 && f != -5) {
                msg_perr("Unable to open FTDI device: %d (%s).\n", f, ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
                return -4;
        }

        if (ftdic->type != TYPE_2232H && ftdic->type != TYPE_4232H && ftdic->type != TYPE_232H) {
                msg_pdbg("FTDI chip type %d is not high-speed.\n", ftdic->type);
                clock_5x = 0;
        }

        if (ftdi_usb_reset(ftdic) < 0) {
                msg_perr("Unable to reset FTDI device (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }

        if (ftdi_set_latency_timer(ftdic, 2) < 0) {
                msg_perr("Unable to set latency timer (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }

        if (ftdi_write_data_set_chunksize(ftdic, 256)) {
                msg_perr("Unable to set chunk size (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }

        if (ftdi_set_bitmode(ftdic, 0x00, BITMODE_BITBANG_SPI) < 0) {
                msg_perr("Unable to set bitmode to SPI (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }

        if (clock_5x) {
                msg_pdbg("Disable divide-by-5 front stage\n");
                buf[0] = 0x8a;          /* Disable divide-by-5. */
                if (send_buf(ftdic, buf, 1)) {
                        ret = -5;
                        goto ftdi_err;
                }
                mpsse_clk = 60.0;
        } else {
                mpsse_clk = 12.0;
        }

        msg_pdbg("Set clock divisor\n");
        buf[0] = 0x86;          /* command "set divisor" */
        buf[1] = (divisor / 2 - 1) & 0xff;
        buf[2] = ((divisor / 2 - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
        if (send_buf(ftdic, buf, 3)) {
                ret = -6;
                goto ftdi_err;
        }

        msg_pdbg("MPSSE clock: %f MHz, divisor: %u, SPI clock: %f MHz\n",
                 mpsse_clk, divisor, (double)(mpsse_clk / divisor));

        /* Disconnect TDI/DO to TDO/DI for loopback. */
        msg_pdbg("No loopback of TDI/DO TDO/DI\n");
        buf[0] = 0x85;
        if (send_buf(ftdic, buf, 1)) {
                ret = -7;
                goto ftdi_err;
        }

        msg_pdbg("Set data bits\n");
        buf[0] = SET_BITS_LOW;
        buf[1] = cs_bits;
        buf[2] = pindir;
        if (send_buf(ftdic, buf, 3)) {
                ret = -8;
                goto ftdi_err;
        }

        register_spi_programmer(&spi_programmer_ft2232);

        return 0;

ftdi_err:
        if ((f = ftdi_usb_close(ftdic)) < 0) {
                msg_perr("Unable to close FTDI device: %d (%s)\n", f, ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
        }
        return ret;
}

/* Returns 0 upon success, a negative number upon errors. */
static int ft2232_spi_send_command(struct flashctx *flash,
                                   unsigned int writecnt, unsigned int readcnt,
                                   const unsigned char *writearr,
                                   unsigned char *readarr)
{
        struct ftdi_context *ftdic = &ftdic_context;
        static unsigned char *buf = NULL;
        /* failed is special. We use bitwise ops, but it is essentially bool. */
        int i = 0, ret = 0, failed = 0;
        int bufsize;
        static int oldbufsize = 0;

        if (writecnt > 65536 || readcnt > 65536)
                return SPI_INVALID_LENGTH;

        /* buf is not used for the response from the chip. */
        bufsize = max(writecnt + 9, 260 + 9);
        /* Never shrink. realloc() calls are expensive. */
        if (bufsize > oldbufsize) {
                buf = realloc(buf, bufsize);
                if (!buf) {
                        msg_perr("Out of memory!\n");
                        /* TODO: What to do with buf? */
                        return SPI_GENERIC_ERROR;
                }
                oldbufsize = bufsize;
        }

        /*
         * Minimize USB transfers by packing as many commands as possible
         * together. If we're not expecting to read, we can assert CS#, write,
         * and deassert CS# all in one shot. If reading, we do three separate
         * operations.
         */
        msg_pspew("Assert CS#\n");
        buf[i++] = SET_BITS_LOW;
        buf[i++] = 0 & ~cs_bits; /* assertive */
        buf[i++] = pindir;

        if (writecnt) {
                buf[i++] = 0x11;
                buf[i++] = (writecnt - 1) & 0xff;
                buf[i++] = ((writecnt - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
                memcpy(buf + i, writearr, writecnt);
                i += writecnt;
        }

        /*
         * Optionally terminate this batch of commands with a
         * read command, then do the fetch of the results.
         */
        if (readcnt) {
                buf[i++] = 0x20;
                buf[i++] = (readcnt - 1) & 0xff;
                buf[i++] = ((readcnt - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
                ret = send_buf(ftdic, buf, i);
                failed = ret;
                /* We can't abort here, we still have to deassert CS#. */
                if (ret)
                        msg_perr("send_buf failed before read: %i\n", ret);
                i = 0;
                if (ret == 0) {
                        /*
                         * FIXME: This is unreliable. There's no guarantee that
                         * we read the response directly after sending the read
                         * command. We may be scheduled out etc.
                         */
                        ret = get_buf(ftdic, readarr, readcnt);
                        failed |= ret;
                        /* We can't abort here either. */
                        if (ret)
                                msg_perr("get_buf failed: %i\n", ret);
                }
        }

        msg_pspew("De-assert CS#\n");
        buf[i++] = SET_BITS_LOW;
        buf[i++] = cs_bits;
        buf[i++] = pindir;
        ret = send_buf(ftdic, buf, i);
        failed |= ret;
        if (ret)
                msg_perr("send_buf failed at end: %i\n", ret);

        return failed ? -1 : 0;
}

#endif